Pinpoint your Learning Goals with CEFR

In this article, we'll explain each level of Spanish proficiency defined in the official Europass¹ CEFR assessment in plain-English.

First, what's the CEFR?

The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR or CEFRL for short) offers important guidelines for avid Spanish learners, especially those who are focusing on European Spanish. It divides Spanish proficiency into six levels, ranging from A1 (beginner) to C2 (advanced). Each level has specific criteria that describe what learners can do at each proficiency level. We'll cover each level in the following section.

The ACTFL also provides guidelines for assessing foreign language proficiency, primarily in the United States.

A1-A2: Learners who are starting out

A1 — "Breakthrough"

At the A1 level, termed "breakthrough," learners can understand and use everyday expressions, as well as basic grammar structures. They can introduce themselves and others, ask for directions, and communicate in basic situations.

A2 — "Waystage"

The A2 level builds upon the A1 level by introducing more complex grammar structures and vocabulary. Learners can understand and use more detailed descriptions of situations, as well as communicate in a more coherent way.

B1-B2: Intermediate learners

B1 — "Threshold"

At the B1 level, learners can understand and use a wider range of vocabulary and grammar structures than A2. They can express their opinions, describe habits and routines, and discuss past events.

B2 — "Vantage"

The B2 level is considered the upper-intermediate level, where learners can understand and use complex vocabulary and grammar structures with ease. They can participate in conversations, write more sophisticated texts, and comprehend a wide range of written and spoken language.

C1-C2: Proficient speakers

C1 — "Advanced"

At the C1 level, learners have advanced proficiency and can understand and use complex vocabulary aC1nd grammar structures with ease. They can express themselves fluently and accurately both in writing and speaking, as well as comprehend a wide range of texts and conversations.

C2 — "Mastery"

The highest level of Spanish fluency is C2, where learners have mastered the language and can understand and use it with near-native proficiency. They can express themselves with precision and clarity, as well as comprehend even the most complex texts and conversations.

Where do you stand?

Remember that on your language learning journey, there's always room for improvement, no matter your current level. Keep practicing, stay motivated, and you'll reach your goals in no time!